APR (Annual Percentage Rate)

APR is a crucial metric in both traditional finance and DeFi, helping investors evaluate potential earnings on deposits or costs of borrowing. Unlike APY (Annual Percentage Yield), APR does not account for compounding, meaning it represents the simple interest earned or owed over a year.

⚙️ How APR Works in DeFi:

1. Lending & Borrowing – DeFi protocols like Aave and Compound display APR for borrowers (interest paid) and lenders (interest earned).
2. Staking & Yield Farming – Liquidity providers in AMMs like Uniswap or PancakeSwap earn APR from transaction fees, rewards, or incentive programs.
3. Fixed vs. Variable APR – Some DeFi platforms offer fixed APR (predictable earnings), while others adjust rates dynamically based on supply and demand.

📊 Formula for APR:

APR=(Interest Earned or Paid per PeriodPrincipal)×100%×Periods per YearAPR = \left(\frac{\text{Interest Earned or Paid per Period}}{\text{Principal}}\right) \times 100\% \times \text{Periods per Year}

For example, if you stake 1,000 USDT in a DeFi pool with a 10% APR, you will earn 100 USDT per year (excluding compounding effects).

🏛 Example 1: Aave Lending APR

On Aave, users who deposit USDC into the lending pool earn APR based on market conditions. If the APR is 6%, depositing 10,000 USDC would generate 600 USDC per year in interest.

🏛 Example 2: Uniswap Liquidity Pool APR

A liquidity provider deposits ETH/USDT into a Uniswap V3 pool with a 15% APR. Over a year, the provider earns a return from trading fees and liquidity incentives but must also consider impermanent loss risks.

📚 References

1. Aave Docs – Lending and Borrowing AP

2. Uniswap Docs – Liquidity Provider Rewards

⚠️ Controversies & Misconceptions

• “APR is the same as APY” – False. APY includes compounding, while APR does not.
• “APR guarantees fixed returns” – Many DeFi platforms offer variable APR, meaning rates fluctuate based on market conditions.

🚀 Conclusion. APR is a key metric in DeFi, helping users assess potential earnings from staking, lending, and liquidity provision. However, investors should always check whether APR is fixed or variable and consider other risks like impermanent loss and protocol security before committing funds.